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@ -45,6 +45,18 @@ April John

 ---

+# The Fediverse (federated universe)
+
+
+![h:250 bg right](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Fediverse_logo_proposal.svg/2048px-Fediverse_logo_proposal.svg.png)
+
+<!-- _footer: "*Photo by [Eukombos](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Eukombos), CC0 via [Wikimedia Commons](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fediverse_logo_proposal.svg)*" -->
+
+- users on different servers communicate via a shared protocol
+- 
+
+---
+
 # The idea of a federated universe.

 - Founding of twitter in 2006 as microblogging service
@ -55,13 +67,214 @@ April John

 ---

-# Fediverse? You mean Mastodon?
+# You heard of Mastodon?

-![h:250 bg right](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Fediverse_logo_proposal.svg/2048px-Fediverse_logo_proposal.svg.png)

-<!-- _footer: "*Photo by [Eukombos](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Eukombos), CC0 via [Wikimedia Commons](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fediverse_logo_proposal.svg)*" -->
+--- 
+# You heard of Mastodon?
+
+...there is more.
+

 --- 

 ![h:690 bg](https://axbom.com/content/images/size/w2000/2023/01/fediverse-branches-axbom-30-CC-BY-SA.webp)
 <!-- _footer: "*Photo by axbom.com, CC BY-SA via https://axbom.com/fediverse/*" -->
+
+---
+
+# Activitypub
+
+- protocol introduced in 2018
+- idea of a universal standard for any multimedia service to communicate between servers
+  - i.e. servers chaos.social and crimew.gay communicating with each other
+- especially popular for microblogging
+
+---
+
+# The architecture of Activitypub
+
+![Alt text](image-2.png)
+<!-- _footer: "*Photo by fastly.com*" -->
+
+---
+
+# Actors and Activities
+
+### Actors represent People, Video Channels, Podcasts
+
+![Alt text](image-3.png)
+
+### Activities represent Posts, Videos, Audio
+
+![Alt text](image-4.png)
+
+---
+
+# Actors and Activities
+
+### Actors represent People, Video Channels, Podcasts
+
+```
+{
+ "@context": "https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams",
+ "type": "Person",
+ "id": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna",
+ "name": "luna 'delete & redraft' vivian.",
+ "preferredUsername": "luna",
+ "summary": "hi, i'm luna, your local 18 year old gay ace polyam non-binary transfem genderfluid mess.",
+ "inbox": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/inbox/",
+ "outbox": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/outbox/",
+ "followers": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/followers/",
+ "following": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/following/",
+ "liked": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/liked/"
+}
+```
+---
+# Actors and Activities
+### Activities represent Posts, Videos, Audio
+
+```
+
+{
+ "@context": "https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams",
+ "type": "Note",
+ "to": ["https://donotsta.re/users/april"],
+ "attributedTo": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna",
+ "content": "it's 4:20, <b>nice</b>"
+}
+```
+---
+# Issues of the standard
+- barebones specification leading to many unstandartized extensions of the protocol
+  - happened, because as a w3c standard it had to satisfy many people, and thus less was more
+- activitypub sends HTML with Activities, which the Servers need to parse and then server to users
+  - XSS as a service!
+- Limited standard featureset, but we can extend it ourself!
+
+---
+# How?
+### "Simple", we add extra JSON fields!
+
+---
+
+# Extending the AP protocol
+- Projects want new features
+- They need to invent the standard to federate these themself
+
+---
+# Case study: Cat ears on a profile
+- Misskey added support for cat ears on profile pictures: ![h:80](image-5.png)
+- federated using a ActivityPub extension called ``isCat``
+- Misskey interprets it and displays cat ears
+- others like Mastodon just ignore it
+---
+
+# Case study: Cat ears on a profile
+
+```
+{
+ "@context": "https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams",
+ "type": "Person",
+ "id": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna",
+ "name": "luna 'delete & redraft' vivian.",
+ "preferredUsername": "luna",
+ "summary": "hi, i'm luna, your local 18 year old gay ace polyam non-binary transfem genderfluid mess.",
+ "inbox": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/inbox/",
+ "outbox": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/outbox/",
+ "followers": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/followers/",
+ "following": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/following/",
+ "liked": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/liked/",
+ "isCat": true
+}
+```
+---
+# ..that doesnt always work
+---
+# Multiple standards for the same feature
+## Quote posts
+- ``_misskey_quote``
+- ``quoteUrl``
+- ``quoteUri``
+
+---
+# Multiple standards for the same feature
+## Groups exclusive posts
+- Bonfire's circles
+- Lemmy's implementation using ``Announce`` and ``Follow``
+- Friendica & Hubzilla implementing groups using ActivityStreams
+- Smithereen using FEP-400e (Fediverse Enhancement Proposals)
+- ....
+---
+# Mastodon in the meantime
+- implementing FEP-400e partially
+- adding many own ActivityPub extensions to the mix which werent used in any of the above mentioned projects
+- we now have an even different standard
+---
+# Mastodon messing up things
+### The issue with that
+- Mastodon is by far the biggest fediverse project
+- When mastodon implements something a specific way it turns the de-facto standard
+- bad standards impact the fediverse as a whole
+
+---
+
+# Mastodon messing things up
+### Things already messed up
+- LD-signing
+- bad sanity checking of AP ids
+- Mastodon storing activities using internal IDs instead of using the provided IDs
+- no single implementation of the AP C2S api (yes that exists), they rather use their own
+  - goal is to preserve a "Mastodon User Experience" by not implementing it
+- and soon... Groups
+---
+
+# Why things are like this
+- every project working on its own
+- no real unified effort between fediverse software maintainers to unify features
+- working together was tried before, but suffered from disagreement between different software projects
+- every software maintainer playing "mini dictator"
+- Mastodon having a monopoly, caused my 90% of people being on the 10 most populated instances (which run on mastodon exclusively)
+---
+# How things could get better
+- Fediverse Enhancement Proposals
+- standardize activitypub examples using w3c
+- AP C2S
+- people moving from big instances to small ones
+  - selfhost it!
+---
+# Activitypub Client to Server
+- part of the original AP spec
+- never got implemented fully anywhere
+- some clients existed for it
+- Pleroma started implementation of it, Mastodon refused to do it for 5 years in a row
+- essentially universal API for all activitypub servers, using the same standards as between server communication
+- makes it able to use one client for all* AP servers
+<!-- _footer: all that implement it -->
+- takes much load of the server
+---
+# Selfhost it!
+- big instances work against decentralisation of the fediverse
+  - reason Mastodon got the biggest fedi software in the first place
+- own instances gives you independance
+- lets you deal with fediblocks yourself
+---
+# Issues with self hosting
+- money
+- one needs to administer the instance themself
+- your server hardware may be overwhelmed
+- fedi consumes much storage
+---
+# How to selfhost
+- get suitable hardware & domain
+- What instance do you want?
+- How do you want to deploy it?
+- Do you want to use a S3 bucket?
+- Follow relays!
+---
+# What can the future hold?
+### Universal Peer-to-peer
+### More smaller instances
+---
+# Ending words
+## Distrust authorities - promote decentralisation
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