diff --git a/fedi-slide.html b/fedi-slide.html index f20435a..54a8158 100644 --- a/fedi-slide.html +++ b/fedi-slide.html @@ -1,34 +1,314 @@ -
-

Into the federated Universe

-
Digital sovereignty through decentral communication
+ 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+

Into the federated Universe

+

Digital sovereignty through decentral communication

+ +
by April John (@april:blahaj.nyc)
+
-
-

Content Notes

-

Technical details of the activitypup protocoll
-The politics behind different fediverse servers
-Inter-project politics
-Unused potential of the Fediverse
-Does it need to be federated?
-Why dont we do peer to peer?

+
+

Content notes

+
    +
  • Technical details of the activitypup protocoll
    • +
  • The politics behind different fediverse servers
    • +
  • Inter-project politics
    • +
  • Unused potential of the Fediverse
    • +
  • Does it need to be federated?
    • +
  • Why dont we do peer to peer?
    • +
-
-

April

+
+

April John

@april@donotsta.re
@april:blahaj.nyc

-

Fediverse Software Maintainer
-Linux Kernel Contributor
-Professional pro-grammar kitten

+
Things im known for:
+
    +
  • Fediverse Software Maintainer
    • +
  • Linux Kernel Contributor
    • +
  • Professional pro-grammar kitten
    • +
+
+
+

The Fediverse (federated universe)

+ +
    +
  • users on different servers communicate via a shared protocol
    • +
  • +
+ +
+
+

The idea of a federated universe.

+
    +
  • Founding of twitter in 2006 as microblogging service
    • +
  • Open Standard OStatus 2008
    • +
  • Making of gnu-social 2013
    • +
  • ActivityPup in 2018
    • +
  • finally, a federated universe! The fediverse!
    • +
+
+
+

You heard of Mastodon?

+
+
+

You heard of Mastodon?

+

...there is more.

+
+
+
+
+

Activitypub

+
    +
  • protocol introduced in 2018
    • +
  • idea of a universal standard for any multimedia service to communicate between servers +
      +
    • i.e. servers chaos.social and crimew.gay communicating with each other
      • +
    +
    • +
  • especially popular for microblogging
    • +
+
+
+

The architecture of Activitypub

+

Alt text

+
Photo by fastly.com
+
+
+

Actors and Activities

+

Actors represent People, Video Channels, Podcasts

+

Alt text

+

Activities represent Posts, Videos, Audio

+

Alt text

+
+
+

Actors and Activities

+

Actors represent People, Video Channels, Podcasts

+
{
+ "@context": "https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams",
+ "type": "Person",
+ "id": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna",
+ "name": "luna 'delete & redraft' vivian.",
+ "preferredUsername": "luna",
+ "summary": "hi, i'm luna, your local 18 year old gay ace polyam non-binary transfem genderfluid mess.",
+ "inbox": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/inbox/",
+ "outbox": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/outbox/",
+ "followers": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/followers/",
+ "following": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/following/",
+ "liked": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/liked/"
+}
+
+
+
+

Actors and Activities

+

Activities represent Posts, Videos, Audio

+

+{
+ "@context": "https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams",
+ "type": "Note",
+ "to": ["https://donotsta.re/users/april"],
+ "attributedTo": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna",
+ "content": "it's 4:20, <b>nice</b>"
+}
+
+
+
+

Issues of the standard

+
    +
  • barebones specification leading to many unstandartized extensions of the protocol +
      +
    • happened, because as a w3c standard it had to satisfy many people, and thus less was more
      • +
    +
    • +
  • activitypub sends HTML with Activities, which the Servers need to parse and then server to users +
      +
    • XSS as a service!
      • +
    +
    • +
  • Limited standard featureset, but we can extend it ourself!
    • +
+
+
+

How?

+

"Simple", we add extra JSON fields!

+
+
+

Extending the AP protocol

+
    +
  • Projects want new features
    • +
  • They need to invent the standard to federate these themself
    • +
+
+
+

Case study: Cat ears on a profile

+
    +
  • Misskey added support for cat ears on profile pictures:
    • +
  • federated using a ActivityPub extension called isCat
    • +
  • Misskey interprets it and displays cat ears
    • +
  • others like Mastodon just ignore it
    • +
+
+
+

Case study: Cat ears on a profile

+
{
+ "@context": "https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams",
+ "type": "Person",
+ "id": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna",
+ "name": "luna 'delete & redraft' vivian.",
+ "preferredUsername": "luna",
+ "summary": "hi, i'm luna, your local 18 year old gay ace polyam non-binary transfem genderfluid mess.",
+ "inbox": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/inbox/",
+ "outbox": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/outbox/",
+ "followers": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/followers/",
+ "following": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/following/",
+ "liked": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/liked/",
+ "isCat": true
+}
+
+
+
+

..that doesnt always work

+
+
+

Multiple standards for the same feature

+

Quote posts

+
    +
  • _misskey_quote
    • +
  • quoteUrl
    • +
  • quoteUri
    • +
+
+
+

Multiple standards for the same feature

+

Groups exclusive posts

+
    +
  • Bonfire's circles
    • +
  • Lemmy's implementation using Announce and Follow
    • +
  • Friendica & Hubzilla implementing groups using ActivityStreams
    • +
  • Smithereen using FEP-400e (Fediverse Enhancement Proposals)
    • +
  • ....
    • +
+
+
+

Mastodon in the meantime

+
    +
  • implementing FEP-400e partially
    • +
  • adding many own ActivityPub extensions to the mix which werent used in any of the above mentioned projects
    • +
  • we now have an even different standard
    • +
+
+
+

Mastodon messing up things

+

The issue with that

+
    +
  • Mastodon is by far the biggest fediverse project
    • +
  • When mastodon implements something a specific way it turns the de-facto standard
    • +
  • bad standards impact the fediverse as a whole
    • +
+
+
+

Mastodon messing things up

+

Things already messed up

+
    +
  • LD-signing
    • +
  • bad sanity checking of AP ids
    • +
  • Mastodon storing activities using internal IDs instead of using the provided IDs
    • +
  • no single implementation of the AP C2S api (yes that exists), they rather use their own +
      +
    • goal is to preserve a "Mastodon User Experience" by not implementing it
      • +
    +
    • +
  • and soon... Groups
    • +
+
+
+

Why things are like this

+
    +
  • every project working on its own
    • +
  • no real unified effort between fediverse software maintainers to unify features
    • +
  • working together was tried before, but suffered from disagreement between different software projects
    • +
  • every software maintainer playing "mini dictator"
    • +
  • Mastodon having a monopoly, caused my 90% of people being on the 10 most populated instances (which run on mastodon exclusively)
    • +
+
+
+

How things could get better

+
    +
  • Fediverse Enhancement Proposals
    • +
  • standardize activitypub examples using w3c
    • +
  • AP C2S
    • +
  • people moving from big instances to small ones +
      +
    • selfhost it!
      • +
    +
    • +
+
+
+

Activitypub Client to Server

+
    +
  • part of the original AP spec
    • +
  • never got implemented fully anywhere
    • +
  • some clients existed for it
    • +
  • Pleroma started implementation of it, Mastodon refused to do it for 5 years in a row
    • +
  • essentially universal API for all activitypub servers, using the same standards as between server communication
    • +
  • makes it able to use one client for all* AP servers
    • +
+ +
    +
  • takes much load of the server
    • +
+
all that implement it
+
+
+

Selfhost it!

+
    +
  • big instances work against decentralisation of the fediverse +
      +
    • reason Mastodon got the biggest fedi software in the first place
      • +
    +
    • +
  • own instances gives you independance
    • +
  • lets you deal with fediblocks yourself
    • +
+
+
+

Issues with self hosting

+
    +
  • money
    • +
  • one needs to administer the instance themself
    • +
  • your server hardware may be overwhelmed
    • +
  • fedi consumes much storage
    • +
+
+
+

How to selfhost

+
    +
  • get suitable hardware & domain
    • +
  • What instance do you want?
    • +
  • How do you want to deploy it?
    • +
  • Do you want to use a S3 bucket?
    • +
  • Follow relays!
    • +
+
+
+

What can the future hold?

+

Universal Peer-to-peer

+

More smaller instances

+
+
+

Ending words

+

Distrust authorities - promote decentralisation

You can also write down presenter notes in HTML comments.

\ No newline at end of file +

![h:250 bg right](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Fediverse_logo_proposal.svg/2048px-Fediverse_logo_proposal.svg.png)

\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/fedi-slide.md b/fedi-slide.md index c67277e..523ae76 100644 --- a/fedi-slide.md +++ b/fedi-slide.md @@ -45,6 +45,18 @@ April John --- +# The Fediverse (federated universe) + + +![h:250 bg right](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Fediverse_logo_proposal.svg/2048px-Fediverse_logo_proposal.svg.png) + + + +- users on different servers communicate via a shared protocol +- + +--- + # The idea of a federated universe. - Founding of twitter in 2006 as microblogging service @@ -55,13 +67,214 @@ April John --- -# Fediverse? You mean Mastodon? +# You heard of Mastodon? -![h:250 bg right](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Fediverse_logo_proposal.svg/2048px-Fediverse_logo_proposal.svg.png) - +--- +# You heard of Mastodon? + +...there is more. + --- ![h:690 bg](https://axbom.com/content/images/size/w2000/2023/01/fediverse-branches-axbom-30-CC-BY-SA.webp) - \ No newline at end of file + + +--- + +# Activitypub + +- protocol introduced in 2018 +- idea of a universal standard for any multimedia service to communicate between servers + - i.e. servers chaos.social and crimew.gay communicating with each other +- especially popular for microblogging + +--- + +# The architecture of Activitypub + +![Alt text](image-2.png) + + +--- + +# Actors and Activities + +### Actors represent People, Video Channels, Podcasts + +![Alt text](image-3.png) + +### Activities represent Posts, Videos, Audio + +![Alt text](image-4.png) + +--- + +# Actors and Activities + +### Actors represent People, Video Channels, Podcasts + +``` +{ + "@context": "https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams", + "type": "Person", + "id": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna", + "name": "luna 'delete & redraft' vivian.", + "preferredUsername": "luna", + "summary": "hi, i'm luna, your local 18 year old gay ace polyam non-binary transfem genderfluid mess.", + "inbox": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/inbox/", + "outbox": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/outbox/", + "followers": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/followers/", + "following": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/following/", + "liked": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/liked/" +} +``` +--- +# Actors and Activities +### Activities represent Posts, Videos, Audio + +``` + +{ + "@context": "https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams", + "type": "Note", + "to": ["https://donotsta.re/users/april"], + "attributedTo": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna", + "content": "it's 4:20, nice" +} +``` +--- +# Issues of the standard +- barebones specification leading to many unstandartized extensions of the protocol + - happened, because as a w3c standard it had to satisfy many people, and thus less was more +- activitypub sends HTML with Activities, which the Servers need to parse and then server to users + - XSS as a service! +- Limited standard featureset, but we can extend it ourself! + +--- +# How? +### "Simple", we add extra JSON fields! + +--- + +# Extending the AP protocol +- Projects want new features +- They need to invent the standard to federate these themself + +--- +# Case study: Cat ears on a profile +- Misskey added support for cat ears on profile pictures: ![h:80](image-5.png) +- federated using a ActivityPub extension called ``isCat`` +- Misskey interprets it and displays cat ears +- others like Mastodon just ignore it +--- + +# Case study: Cat ears on a profile + +``` +{ + "@context": "https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams", + "type": "Person", + "id": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna", + "name": "luna 'delete & redraft' vivian.", + "preferredUsername": "luna", + "summary": "hi, i'm luna, your local 18 year old gay ace polyam non-binary transfem genderfluid mess.", + "inbox": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/inbox/", + "outbox": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/outbox/", + "followers": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/followers/", + "following": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/following/", + "liked": "https://crimew.gay/users/luna/liked/", + "isCat": true +} +``` +--- +# ..that doesnt always work +--- +# Multiple standards for the same feature +## Quote posts +- ``_misskey_quote`` +- ``quoteUrl`` +- ``quoteUri`` + +--- +# Multiple standards for the same feature +## Groups exclusive posts +- Bonfire's circles +- Lemmy's implementation using ``Announce`` and ``Follow`` +- Friendica & Hubzilla implementing groups using ActivityStreams +- Smithereen using FEP-400e (Fediverse Enhancement Proposals) +- .... +--- +# Mastodon in the meantime +- implementing FEP-400e partially +- adding many own ActivityPub extensions to the mix which werent used in any of the above mentioned projects +- we now have an even different standard +--- +# Mastodon messing up things +### The issue with that +- Mastodon is by far the biggest fediverse project +- When mastodon implements something a specific way it turns the de-facto standard +- bad standards impact the fediverse as a whole + +--- + +# Mastodon messing things up +### Things already messed up +- LD-signing +- bad sanity checking of AP ids +- Mastodon storing activities using internal IDs instead of using the provided IDs +- no single implementation of the AP C2S api (yes that exists), they rather use their own + - goal is to preserve a "Mastodon User Experience" by not implementing it +- and soon... Groups +--- + +# Why things are like this +- every project working on its own +- no real unified effort between fediverse software maintainers to unify features +- working together was tried before, but suffered from disagreement between different software projects +- every software maintainer playing "mini dictator" +- Mastodon having a monopoly, caused my 90% of people being on the 10 most populated instances (which run on mastodon exclusively) +--- +# How things could get better +- Fediverse Enhancement Proposals +- standardize activitypub examples using w3c +- AP C2S +- people moving from big instances to small ones + - selfhost it! +--- +# Activitypub Client to Server +- part of the original AP spec +- never got implemented fully anywhere +- some clients existed for it +- Pleroma started implementation of it, Mastodon refused to do it for 5 years in a row +- essentially universal API for all activitypub servers, using the same standards as between server communication +- makes it able to use one client for all* AP servers + +- takes much load of the server +--- +# Selfhost it! +- big instances work against decentralisation of the fediverse + - reason Mastodon got the biggest fedi software in the first place +- own instances gives you independance +- lets you deal with fediblocks yourself +--- +# Issues with self hosting +- money +- one needs to administer the instance themself +- your server hardware may be overwhelmed +- fedi consumes much storage +--- +# How to selfhost +- get suitable hardware & domain +- What instance do you want? +- How do you want to deploy it? +- Do you want to use a S3 bucket? +- Follow relays! +--- +# What can the future hold? +### Universal Peer-to-peer +### More smaller instances +--- +# Ending words +## Distrust authorities - promote decentralisation \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/image-2.png b/image-2.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d0af591 Binary files /dev/null and b/image-2.png differ diff --git a/image-3.png b/image-3.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..52f63d3 Binary files /dev/null and b/image-3.png differ diff --git a/image-4.png b/image-4.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ab03b0d Binary files /dev/null and b/image-4.png differ diff --git a/image-5.png b/image-5.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..57dc323 Binary files /dev/null and b/image-5.png differ